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Regenesis Remediation Services™ – TCE-Impacted Soil Treated with RegenOx®
In Situ Chemical Oxidation Significantly Reduces Contamination Concentrations at Former Manufacturing Facility Site
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was contracted to design and perform in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) via soil mixing to remediate trichloroethylene (TCE) impacted soils at a former manufacturing site in Hamilton, Ohio. RegenOx® was selected as the primary remediation technology based on site conditions, and the treatment area focused on soilbound TCE contamination averaging 86 mg/kg in the sandy-silt to clay-rich unsaturated soils. The remediation objective was to reduce TCE levels in the soil to below the maximum concentration for Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) of 0.5 mg/L, to allow for subsequent off-site disposal.
The impacted soils were treated in-place by a hydraulic excavator with a specialized mixing attachment. RegenOx was evenly dispersed throughout the contaminated soil, then thoroughly mixed using the excavator attachment. Once mixing was complete, the soils were hydrated with a RegenOx solution, to maximize oxidant loading to achieve aggressive remediation goals. As a result of the soil mixing procedures, a 99% reduction in soil concentrations was achieved. RRS remediated approximately 670 cubic yards of TCE-impacted soil on this real estate redevelopment project. Soil mixing was performed primarily from 4 feet to 8 feet below ground surface (bgs) over an area of approximately 4,500 square feet. Construction activities were able to proceed on schedule due to RRS’s well managed application and proper use of the RegenOx chemistry.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – TCE Impacted Soil Treated with RegenOx®
Soil Mixing Using In Situ Chemical Oxidation Reduces Contamination Concentrations at Former Manufacturing Facility
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was asked to design and implement a pilot test as well as a full scale design for a soil mixing project using in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) technology. The specific goal of the remediation plan was to reduce trichloroethylene (TCE) levels to less than .5 ppm, to meet standards for off-site removal as non-hazardous waste. The design included the use of RegenOx® Part A and B as an oxidant in a pug mill system. The TCE at this former manufacturing facility was present from two (2) feet below ground surface (bgs) down to eleven feet bgs in certain areas.
A total of 27,950 pounds of RegenOx Part A and 7,260 lbs of RegenOx Part B were applied over 39 discrete treatment cells during the course of the remediation project. Using an excavator, the top two feet of soil was removed and stored separately, after which the contaminated soil could be excavated and treated with RegenOx Part A and B in a pug mill system. Using RegenOx as an oxidizer, TCE on site was remediated using oxidation to dechlorinate TCE to dichloroethene (DCE), vinyl chloride (VC), and finally to ethene, a benign end product. Two years later, soil samples came back clean and the soil could be trucked off site as non-hazardous waste.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – PCE Treated with RegenOx®
Soil Mixing Using In Situ Chemical Oxidation Reduces Contamination Concentrations at Former Dry Cleaning Facility
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was hired for this large-scale soil mixing project to treat tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in shallow surface soils. The application used in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) technology to oxidize residual chlorinated solvents at this former dry cleaner site. The goal was to reduce chlorinated volatile organic compounds (cVOCs), particularly PCE, from >20 ppm to less than 5 ppb. The design of the project was divided into a grid with twelve sections, each 25 feet (ft.) by 21.5 ft., and 5 ft. deep.
Using RegenOx® remediation chemistry and an excavator to complete the soil mixing, the impacted soils were removed by an excavator and a proportional amount of RegenOx was evenly dispersed throughout the excavated soil, then thoroughly mixed using the excavator.
Once mixing was complete, the soils were placed back into the treatment cell while being hydrated with a RegenOx solution made up of RegenOx, water and hydrogen peroxide. By optimizing the contact between the soil, contaminants, and RegenOx, powerful desorption effects strip PCE off of the soil matrix and onto the RegenOx catalytic surface. This catalytic surface contributes to localized free-radical generation, leading to focused and efficient contaminant destruction via soil mixing. After eight days of the completion of the project, 98-100% reductions were achieved in the twelve sections of the grid.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – PCE Plume Treated with RegenOx®
In Situ Chemical Oxidation Reduces Contamination Concentrations at a Former Dry Cleaner Site
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was contracted to design and perform in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) via soil mixing to remediate tetrachloroethylene (PCE) impacted soil at a former dry cleaner site located in Cook County, Illinois. RegenOx® was chosen as the primary remediation technology for the chemical oxidation. The treatment area focused on soilbound PCE contamination around 1,170 mg/kg in the clay-rich unsaturated soils. The soil remediation objective was to reduce PCE levels below the 240 mg/kg soil saturation limit established by the Illinois EPA.
The impacted soils were removed by a mini trackhoe excavator and placed inside a vacant unit adjacent to a treatment cell where the soil mixing was performed. A proportional amount of RegenOx was evenly dispersed throughout the excavated, contaminated soil, then thoroughly mixed using the excavator. Once mixing was complete, the soils were placed back into
the treatment cell while being hydrated with a RegenOx solution.
By optimizing the contact between the soil, contaminants, and RegenOx, powerful desorption effects strip PCE off of the soil matrix and onto the RegenOx catalytic surface. This catalytic surface contributes to localized free-radical generation, leading to focused and efficient contaminant destruction. Approximately 242 cubic yards of soil bound contaminant mass was successfully treated at this site. Soil mixing was performed from surface grade to approximately 10 feet below grade.
Redeveloped DOD Site Treated with Turn-Key ISCO Remediation
PersulfOx® Applied at Four Locations on Former Air Force Base in Ohio
Project Highlights
- RRS applied PersulfOx in four separate areas of this former air base, including the parking lot of an active business ensuring litlle disturbance to the commercial operation
- RRS was able to redesign the project from the field achieving maximum injection without downtime and cost over-runs
Project Summary
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was contracted to remediate this former DOD facility. Perchlorethene (PCE) levels of 400 ppb were treated with in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) employing PersulfOx Catalyzed Persulfate technology. The application included two injection events which involved working within an active parking area of an operating business. The original site design included utilizing direct-push injections, but RRS readjusted the plan in the field after product surfacing was observed in one area that was under construction. Despite the redesign, the application was completed ahead of schedule and under budget
Remediation Approach
Two injection events included the application of 50,000 pounds of PersulfOx through 85 injection points per event in a grid design with treatment 18-31 feet below ground surface. RRS had initially designed the project to use only direct-push injection points. But after surfacing was witnessed, RRS redesigned the project to include the installation of five injection wells.
Technology Description
PersulfOx is a sodium persulfate-based chemical oxidation technology which destroys both hydrocarbon and chlorinated solvent-type contaminants in the subsurface. PersulfOx contains a built-in catalyst which activates the persulfate component and generates contaminant-destroying free radicals without the need for the addition of a separate activator.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – TCE Plume Treated with 3-D Microemulsion®
Combined Treatment Remedies Reduce Contamination Concentrations at Wisconsin Manufacturing Facility
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was contracted to design and implement an in situ enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) remediation plan for this manufacturing site, impacted by trichloroethylene (TCE). The treatment included the use of 3-D Microemulsion® and Chemical Reducing Solution (CRS®) as controlled-release electron donors, and BDI® Plus to bioaugment the subsurface. The two treatment areas at this former manufacturing facility covered an area of 35,000 square feet (ft2). A total of 19,200 pounds of 3-D Microemulsion, 2,400 lbs. of CRS, and 48 liters of BDI Plus with over 1011 Dehalococcoides (DHC) cells per liter were injected over a period of less than two weeks on site.
Thirty-nine direct-push injection points were advanced between both of the treatment areas. RRS utilized retractable screen tip injection tooling to apply the pH neutral 3-D Microemulsion with CRS and BDI Plus at discrete intervals in the vertical treatment intervals of 5 to 20 feet below ground surface (bgs) and 15 to 30 feet bgs. The RRS trailer and equipment configuration allowed for low pressure application of the remediation chemistry at up to three injection points simultaneously. Remediation chemistry was applied up to 100 feet from the trailer in subfreezing temperatures while RRS personnel monitored flow rates and injection pressures at each application point to optimize distribution and influence of the remediation chemistry.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – PCE Plume Treated with 3-D Microemulsion®
Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination & Bioaugmentation Used to Remediate Chlorinated Solvents at a Brownfield Site
A real estate developer and their environmental consultant selected RRS to design and implement an in situ enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) remediation plan for this Brownfield site originally developed in the 1890s, called Belknap Crossings. The site was impacted by two groundwater plumes averaging 300 ug/L trichloroethylene (TCE). The remediation design included the use of 3-D Microemulsion® as a controlled-release electron donor and bioaugmentation using BDI® Plus. The two TCE plumes at this
former manufacturing facility covered an area of 58,000 square feet (ft2). A total of 26,000 pounds of 3-D Microemulsion and 22 liters of BDI Plus with over 1011 Dehalococcoides (DHC) cells per liter were injected over a period of less than two weeks on site.
Taking advantage of 3-D Microemulsion’s unique subsurface distribution characteristics, direct-push injection points were advanced every 480 ft2. RRS utilized retractable screen-tip injection tooling to apply the pH neutral 3-D Microemulsion with BDI Plus at discrete intervals across the vertical treatment interval from 24 feet below ground surface (bgs) to 34 feet bgs in a bottom-up approach. The RRS trailer and equipment configuration allowed for low pressure application of the remediation chemistry at up to three injection points simultaneously, up to 200 feet from the trailer while monitoring flow rates and injection pressures at each application point.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – PCE Plume Treated with 3-D Microemulsion®
Combined Treatment Remedies Used to Reductively Dechlorinate Contamination at Former Dry Cleaners Site
Regenesis Remediation Services (RRS) was contracted to design and implement the treatment of groundwater contaminated by residual chlorinated volatile organic compounds (cVOCs) at this former dry cleaner site. The design included the use of 3-D Microemulsion® as a controlledrelease electron donor and bioaugmentation using BDI® Plus. The treatment area covered approximately 600 square feet (ft2), and a total of 800 pounds of 3-D Microemulsion and 18 liters of BDI Plus with over 1011 (Dehalococcoides) DHC cells per liter were injected throughout the treatment area in one day of work.
Taking advantage of 3-D Microemulsion’s unique ability to distribute in the subsurface via micellar movement, twelve direct-push injection points were advanced every 50 ft2. RRS utilized retractable screen-tip injection tooling to apply the pH neutral 3-D Microemulsion with BDI Plus at discrete intervals across the injection vertical treatment interval from 6 to 13 feet below ground surface (bgs). The RRS trailer and equipment configuration allowed for low pressure application of the remediation chemistry while monitoring flow rates, reagent distribution, and injection pressures at each application point.
Regenesis Remediation Services™ – TCE Plume Treated with 3-D Microemulsion®
Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination & Bioaugmentation Used to Remediate Chlorinated Solvents at a Brownfield Site
A real estate developer and their environmental consultant selected RRS to design and implement an in situ enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) remediation plan for this Brownfield site originally developed in the 1890s, called Belknap Crossings. The site was impacted by two groundwater plumes averaging 300 ug/L trichloroethylene (TCE). The remediation design included the use of 3-D Microemulsion® as a controlled-release electron donor and
bioaugmentation using BDI® Plus. The two TCE plumes at this former manufacturing facility covered an area of 58,000 square feet (ft2). A total of 26,000 pounds of 3-D Microemulsion and 22 liters of BDI Plus with over 1011 Dehalococcoides (DHC) cells per liter were injected over a period of less than two weeks on site.
Taking advantage of 3-D Microemulsion’s unique subsurface distribution characteristics, direct-push injection points were advanced every 480 ft2. RRS utilized retractable screen-tip injection tooling to apply the pH neutral 3-D Microemulsion with BDI Plus at discrete intervals across the vertical treatment interval from 24 feet below ground surface (bgs) to 34 feet bgs in a bottom-up approach. The RRS trailer and equipment configuration allowed for low pressure application of the remediation chemistry at up to three injection points simultaneously, up to 200 feet from the trailer while monitoring flow rates and injection pressures at each application point.
Combined Remedies Treat Chlorinated Solvents at Gulf Coast Superfund Site
Former Industrial Facility and Landfill Pilot Test Shows Rapid Reduction in PCE, TCE and 1,2 DCE
Project Highlights
- Superfund Site once housed an industrial facility and landfill.
- Rapid reduction needed to avoid off-site migration of daughter products.
- Simultaneous application of Enhanced Aerobic Biodegradation, Bioaugmentation and In Situ Chemical Reduction (ISCR).
Project Summary
This former industrial property had a landfill that was used in the mid-1900s for disposal of magnesium dross and refractory brick as well as breakout material from electrolytic chlorine cells. As much as 254,000 cubic feet of material were removed from the landfill although a large chlorinated solvent plume remains both from landfill waste below the water table and from industrial operations on-site. A feasibility study for the site was approved in 2012 which evaluated the use of enhanced reductive dechlorination to treat dissolved chlorinated solvents at the site and to prevent off-site migration past the property boundary and beneath a highway. A pilot test to evaluate at least two different biological amendments was conducted and Regenesis supplied 3D Microemulsion, BDI, and CRS for the evaluation. Three aquifers exist at the site, but the pilot test was performed in the first groundwater bearing unit only.
Remediation Approach
After a review of sulfate concentrations, other natural attenuation data, and cVOC concentrations it was determined that the optimal treatment choice would be to test a combination of an electron donor in the form of 3-D Mircoemulsion®, a bioaugmentation culture called Bio-Dechlor INOCULUM® Plus, and the use of Chemical Reducing Solution® (CRS) to prevent any hydrogen sulfide toxicity and to promote a level of beneficial in situ chemical reduction (ISCR). For the pilot test 10 injections points were used to place 800 pounds of 3-D Microemulsion, 18 liters of BDI Plus and 400 pounds of CRS. The product was injected over a 10-foot interval.
The goal for this project was to attain as rapid reduction as possible for the site specifically to avoid off-site migration of daughter products such as vinyl chloride. Therefore, it was deemed beneficial to inject all three proposed products at once. The product was injected in March 2014 and results at roughly 1 month post injection are extremely promising. PCE has been reduced from 134 ppb to 1.57 ppb, TCE from 271 ppb to 1.77 ppb, and cic-1,2-DCE from 235 ppb to 4.25 ppb. Vinyl Chloride has shown some increase from non-detect to 13 ppb.
However, Dehalococcoides has increased from non-detect to 7 x 10×5 cells/bead and vinyl chloride reduced from nondetect to 9 x 10×4 cells per bead which strongly correlates to the rapid enhanced reductive dechlorination.
Technology Description
3-D Microemulsion is an engineered electron donor material that offers a novel 3-stage electron donor release profile, pH neutral chemistry and is delivered on-site as a factory emulsified product.
BDI Plus is an enriched natural microbial consortium containing species of Dehalococcoides sp. (DHC). This microbial consortium has since been enriched to increase its ability to rapidly dechlorinate contaminants during in situ bioremediation processes.
CRS (Chemical Reducing Solution) is an iron-based amendment for in situ chemical reduction (ISCR) of halogenated hydrocarbon contaminants such as chlorinated ethenes and ethanes.
